Wrench.



' WITNESSES:

gym-

vR. Y. BOVEE.

WRENCH.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19. 1913.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

INVENTOR.

RAN-$0M Y. BOVEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO IMPERIAL TOOL COMPANY, OF BLOOMINGTON, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

Application filed June 19, 1913. Serial No. 774,575.

Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wrenches of thetype in versible cap. The latter is provided with two distinctive faces,one of which is plain and adapted to extend parallel to the working faceof the fixed jaw for use in gripping angular objects such as square orhexagonal nuts, while the other is formed with transverse serrations anddesigned to extend slantingly with relation to the face of thestationary jaw for the purpose of adapting the wrench for use ingripping pipes and other round or cylindrical objects.

The jaw stock and operating handle of my improved wrench are pivotallyconnected and provided with a ratchet wheel and a therewith cooperativespring-held pawl by the adjustment of which the angu lar relation of thehandle to the stock can be changed to any of a plurality ofpredetermined positions. A simple device normally locks the pawl inengagement with the teeth of the ratchet for the rigid connectionofthestock and the handle and the said device may be adjusted by pressureof the hand to release the pawl to either vary the angle between thehandle and the jaw stock, or to adapt the instrument for use as aratchet wrench which can be operated in either direction.

An embodiment of my invention has been illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings in'the various views of which like parts are similarlydesignated, and in which- Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation ofmy improved wrench, Fig. 2, a longitudlnal section taken along the line22, Fig. 1, lug. 3, an elevation of the aw stock with the adjustable capof the movable jaw in the reversed position, Fig. 4L, a fragmentary endview looking in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 1, and Fig. 5, asectional View of the pin which normally locks the pawl in engagementwith the ratchet teeth, drawn to an enlarged scale.

Referring more specifically to the drawings the numeral 2 indicates thejaw-stock which is composed of an oblong body-portion provided at one ofits ends with the laterally extending fixed jaw 3 and opposite theretowith a ratchet-disk 4 which forms part of its connection with the handle5. The stock 2 has a longitudinal guide-way 6 in which the body 7 of themovable jaw is slidably fitted, and it is furthermore provided with afeather 8 which extends along one side of the guide-way into acorrespondingly formed groove of the body 7 to maintain the latteragainst lateral displacement. The body of the movable jaw has at one ofits ends an integral frusto-conical mandrel 9 which serves as a pivotfor the jaw cap 10 hereinafter to be described, and it has at itsopposite edge, a rack 12 the teeth of which are engaged by a worm 13which by means of a pin 14 is rotatably mounted in a recess in the lowerportion of the jawstock. The peripheral edges of the teeth of the wormare preferably milled to facilitate its rotation by hand when it isdesired to adjust the position of the movable jaw relative to the fixedaw when the tool is in use.

The reversible cap 10 of the movable jaw consists of a tapering body ofangular cross section which is bored longitudinally in conformity withthe mandrel 9 upon which it is rotatably fitted and with which it ispermanently connected by clenching the outer end of the mandrel into acountersunk recess at the end of its bore as shown at 15 in Figs. 1 and2.

The mandrel has near its basal portion at one side of the instrument, acircular recess 16 adapted to receive the head of a button 17 the shankof which extends through one of two openings 18 formed oppositely in thesides of the cap, to lock the latter in its adjusted positions. A

coiled spring 19 placed in a central depression in the inner face of thebutton engages the opposite surface of the recess 16 to yieldingly holdthe button in its normal locking position.

The cap 10 has two oppositely disposed working faces 20 and 21, one ofwhich is plain and adapted to extend parallel to the working face 22 ofthe fixed jaw as shown in Fig. 1, while the other is provided with aseries of transverse serrations and formed at a more acute angle to theaxis of rotation of the cap so that when disposed opposite to thestationary jaw it will extend obliquely with relation to the face 22thereof as shown in Fig. 3.

The operating handle of the wrench is bifurcated at one of its ends toprovide a slot for the reception of the peripherally toothed disk awhich as hereinbefore described is formed integral with the jawstockopposite to the fixed jaw 3. A pin 23 which is secured in axially alinedopenings of the two parts of the bifurcated end of the handle, extendsloosely through a central opening in the disk to establish the pivotalconnection of the stock with the handle. The teeth of the disk areV-shaped and engage with the correspondingly formed end of a pawl 24which is longitudinally sliciably disposed in an axial recess 25 in thehandle 5. The pawl is composed of a cylindrical body portion and asimilarly shaped stem 26 of smaller diameter which projects through anopening in the bottom of the re cess for its operative connection with alock pin 27 which is slidably mounted in a second recess of the handleformed at right-angles to that occupied by the pawl. The pin 27 has alongitudinal groove into which an upset portion 28 of the handle at theouter edge of its recess 29 is driven by means of a punch to hold thepin against rotation. The lock pin is furthermore brovided with atransverse socket 30 adapted to receive the end of the pawl stein whichprojects into the recess 29. and rearwardly of said socket it has abeveled face 31 for engagement with the correspondingly beveled end ofsaid stem. The face 31 terminates at a short distance from the inner endof the pin to provide a shoulder or abutment 32 which normally engagesthe side of the stem, as shown in Fig. l. A spring 33 coiled around thestem of the pawl holds the latter yieldingly in engagement with theteeth of the ratchet disk and a coiled spring 34 placed between theinner end of the lock pin 27, and the thereto opposite breast of therecess 29 is provided to maintain the pin in its normal position inwhich its beveled face engages the end of the pawl stem.

In the use of my improved wrench the cap 10 which forms part of themovable jaw, is adjusted as hereinbefore explained in accordance withthe character of the object to which the tool is to be applied. After anobject has been placed in the mouth of the wrench, the working face ofthe movable jaw is moved in engagement therewith by rotation of the worm13, it being observed that when the face 21 of the movable jaw isopposite to the working face of the fixed jaw, the relative position ofthe said faces is similar to that of the gripping faces of a socalledalligator wrench. The beveled end of the pawl 24 is normally engaged bythe corresponding face 31 of the lockpin 27 and the handle 5 is inconsequence rigidly connected with the jaw-stock. The handle may bereadily adjusted to extend at a different angle with relation to thestock, by pushing the pin 27 inwardly'until the end of the pawl stem isbrought in register with the socket 30, and then turningthe handle aboutits pivot to the desired angle when the parts are again locked in rigidconnection with each other by releasing the pin. By the same adjustmentof the lock-pin the tool may be adapted for use as a ratchet wrench, thepin being pressed inwardly to release the pawl and to consequentlypermit of a movement of the handle about its pivot in either direction,and subsequently released to lock the handle in its adjusted position onthe jawstock and compel the latter to move in conjunction therewith.

It will be observed that the construction of the reversible cap makes itpossible to produce the same by forging which is of considerableadvantage as it permitstempering of its serrated face.

The conical mandrel by means of which the cap is reversibly mounted onthe body portion of the movable jaw provides a durable, pressureresisting abutment and its clenched upper end prevents the cap frombeing either displaced or lost.

The pawl and the lock-pin are both cylindrical with the exception oftheir milled faces and can therefore be produced at a low cost, and thearrangement of the pawl longitudinally with relation to the handle,provides an abutment for the former which cannot break under the mostsevere strains.

The beveled faces ofthe pawl and lock-pin which normally are inengagement to hold the former rigidly in contact with the teeth of thedisk, compensate for wear, and in case of excessive wear of these parts,the

shoulder at the end of the lock-pin will still hold the latter in place.

The portion of the handle upset into the longitudinal groove of thelock-pin holds both the lock-pin and the pawl against rotation, and theV-shaped ratchet teeth are strong-and durable while permittingtheoperation of the instrument as a ratchetwrench in either direction.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters-Patent is:

1. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotallyconnected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and atransverse recess which are connected by a passage of reduced diameter,a pawl movable in the first-mentioned recess to engage the teeth on saiddisk and having a bevel-ended stem extending through said passage, aspring in the same recess to yieldingly hold the pawl in engagement withsaid teeth, a lock pin movable in the transverse recess and having abeveled face for the abutment of the beveled end of the pawl to hold thelatter against longitudinal displacement, and a socket adapted toreceive the said end of the pawl to permit the latter to movelongitudinally in and out of engagement with the teeth of the diskduring movement of the handle about its pivot, and a spring within thetransverse recess to normally hold the lock pin in the position in whichits beveled face engages the end ofthe pawl, the outer end of the saidpin extending without the recess in which it is disposed to permit ofits being pressed inwardly against the pressure of the respective springto bring its socket in register with the end of the pawl.

2. In a wrench, a jaw stock having a disk provided with equidistantV-shaped teeth, a handle pivotally connected with the stock and having alongitudinal recess, a pawl in said recess, formed to fit theinterdental spaces of the disk, a spring in the recess to yieldinglyhold the pawl in engagement with the teeth on the disk, the said pawlbeing longitudinally movable for a ratchet movement of the handle ineither direction, and a locking-device which normally holds said pawlagainst longitudinal displacement for the rigid connection of the handleand the stock and which is capable of releasing the same, when manuallyoperated, to permit of a longitudinal movement of the pawl.

3. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a disk provided with equidistantV-shaped teeth, a handle pivotally connected with the stock and having alongitudinal recess and a transverse recess, a pawl longitudinallymovable in the first mentioned recess, formed to fit the interdentalspaces of said disk, a lock pin movably disposed in the transverserecess, normally engaging said pawl to hold it against longitudinaldisplacement for the rigid connection of the handle and the stock,

and capable of releasing the pawl by manual operation, and a springholding said lock pin in its said normal position, the said lockpinextending partially without the recess in which it is disposed, topermit of its being pressed inwardly against the action of therespective spring, to release the pawl.

4. In a wrench, a jaw stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotallyconnected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and atransverse recess which are connected by a passage of reduced diameter,a pawl movable in the first-mentioned recess to engage the teeth on saiddisk, and having a bevel-ended stem extending through said passage, aspring in the same recess to yieldingly hold the pawl in engagement withsaid teeth, a lock pin movable in the trans verse recess and having abeveled face for the abutment of the beveled end of the pawl to holdthe'l-atter against longitudinal displacement, and a socket adapted toreceive the said end of the pawl to permit the latter to movelongitudinally in and out of engagement with the teeth of the diskduring movement of the handle about its pivot, and a spring to normallyhold the lock pin in the position in which its beveled face engages theend of the pawl, the outer end of the said pin extending without therecess in which it is disposed to permit of its be ing pressed inwardlyagainst the pressure of the respective spring to bring its socket inregister with the end of the pawl.

55. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotallyconnected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and atransverse recess, a pawl in the first-mentioned recess to engage theteeth on said disk and lock together the jaw-stock and handle, a springengaging with the said pawl that normally tends to hold it in lookingengagement with the jaw-stock, and a spring-controlled lock pin in thetransverse recess, adapted to automatically lock said pawl in engagementwith the teeth for the rigid connection of the stock and the handle andto release the same for adjustment of the handle with relation to thestock when pressed into the recess in which it is disposed.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

RANSOM Y. BOVEE.

Witnesses:

E. J. WILLEFoRD, B. B. BOVEE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

